International Journal of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Research
ISSN: 2053-1818
Vol. 8(5), pp. 51-57, October, 2020
doi.org/10.33500/ijambr.2020.08.006



Antifungal effects of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) essential oil against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, the fungus associated with papaya (Carica papaya L.) fruit anthracnose

Moussango Davy1, Modeste Lambert Sameza1, Séverin Nguemezi Tchameni1*, Moise Ntah A. Ayong1, Marie Ampère Boat Bedine2, Olivier Youassi Youassi1, Pamela Noumegna Kamsu1 and Pierre Michel Dongmo Jazet1

1Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, P. O. Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon.
2Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal plant studies, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: belngous.lacoste@yahoo.fr.

Received 30 July, 2020; Received in revised form 05 September, 2020; Accepted 10 September, 2020.

Abstract


Keywords:
Clove, Papaya fruits, Essential oil and anthracnose.

The present study was carried out to determine the chemical composition of clove essential oil and evaluate its potential to control Colletotrichum gloeosporoides, the causal agent of fruit rots in Carica papaya L. Hydro-distillation method was used to extract essential oil from clove and its chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). The antifungal potential of clove oil was evaluated in vitro in two life stages of the pathogen and in vivo using artificially infected fruits. The results obtained showed that, the yield of extraction of oil was 9.66%. The GC analysis revealed the presence of 28 volatile compounds with eugenol (87.62%), β-caryophyllene (5.88%) and β-bisabolene (4.41%) being major components. Clove oil significantly inhibited the mycelial growth and conidia germination of C. gloeosporoides with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) at 375 and 100 µl/l, respectively. On papaya fruits, 3000 µl/l of essential oil was required to completely inhibit (100%) the necrosis caused by C. gloeosporoides both for preventive and curative assay. These results show that clove oil is a potential candidate for bio-pesticide development to manage papaya fruit anthracnose disease.

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