Journal of Medicinal Plant and Herbal Therapy Research
ISSN: 2053-1826
Vol. 5(3), pp. 18-26, December 2017
doi.org/10.33500/jmphtr.2017.5.003



Phenolic compounds and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extract of Centaurium umbellatum (Gibb.) beck. flowers in northern Algeria

Mebarka Berrak1, Rachida Gheyouche-Siachi2, Hocine Allali3*, Saida Ouafi4, Leila Bendifallah5 and Nozha Lazeli6

1Cryptogamic and Medical Botanic Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Algiers, Algeria.
2Analytic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Algiers, Algeria.
3Laboratory of Natural and Bioactive Products (LASNABIO), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,
University of Tlemcen, BP 119, 13000 Tlemcen, Algeria.
4Arid Zones Research Laboratory, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediane, Algiers, Algeria.
5Laboratory of Soft Technology, Valorization, Physico-chemical Materials and Biodiversity, Department of Biology,
Faculty of Sciences, University of M’hamed Bougara Boumerdes, Algeria.
6Laboratory of Pharmaco-toxicology, Research and Development Center, SAIDAL, Algiers, Algeria.

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: h_allali72@yahoo.fr.

Received 12 November, 2017; Received in revised form 29 November, 2017; Accepted 05 December, 2017.

Abstract


Keywords:
Centaurium umbellatum, Phenolic compounds, HPLC analysis, Anti-inflammatory activity.

This study investigated the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-PDA) profiling of phenolic compounds, and evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extract of Centaurium umbellatum (Gibb.) Beck. flowers growing in Algeria. The extract was subjected to HPLC for the identification of the major bioactive polyphenols present in it. Anti-inflammatory effect of the aqueous extract in rats for two different test models: Acute-carrageenan induced paw oedema and sub-acute cotton pellet induced granuloma was inspected. Twelve phenolic compounds were identified in HPLC analysis of the etheric extract of C. umbellatum flowers. Six of them, quercetin, orcinol, monohydrated gallic acid, β-resorcylic acid, p-anisic acid and o-coumaric acid, were revealed for the first time in this plant, through HPLC. At a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight, a good acute anti-inflammatory activity was observed in Wistar strain rats with a reduction in the paw oedema of 75.53%, in comparison to indomethacin (62.12%). These results were confirmed by the granuloma test caused by cotton pellet. After 8 days of the treatment with the aqueous extract at 150 mg/kg, the reduction in the paw oedema was 60.86%, compared to Piroxicam, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (62.17%). In all the two models of anti-inflammatory studies, 100 and 150 mg/kg b.w. doses of the extract showed significant effect (p<0.01). It is concluded that the phenolic compounds are responsible for acute anti-inflammatory activity of C. umbellatum and justifies its ethnomedicinal use for fever, eczema, dermatitis and diabetes.

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