International Journal of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Research
ISSN: 2053-1818
Vol. 9(6), pp. 89-99, November, 2021
doi.org/10.33500/ijambr.2021.09.008

Cultivation-dependent and -independent approaches for determining the distribution of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 in soil of banana plantations in Côte d’Ivoire

Toualy Serge Ouina^1,3*, Voko Bi Rosin Don Rodrigue¹, Stéphanie Gente², David Garon², Jean-Philippe Rioult², Jean-Michel Panoff³ and Marina Koussémon-Camara⁴

¹Laboratory of Agrovalorisation, Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology, University Jean Lorougnon Guédé, BP 150 Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire.
²University of Caen Normandy, Food, Bioprocess, Toxicology, Environments (Team 4651) - Environmental Toxicology, Aerial Environments and Cancer, 14000 Caen, France.
³Food, Bioprocess, Toxicology, Environments (Team 4651) - Food Matrix and Microbiota - Campus 1, Institute for Fundamental and Applied Biology, University of Caen Normandy, Esplanade de la Paix, 14032 Caen cedex 5, France.
⁴Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences and Food Technology, Nangui Abrogoua University, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Cote d’Ivoire.

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ouitoualy@yahoo.fr.

Received 30 July, 2021; Received in revised form 26 August, 2021; Accepted 31 August, 2021.

Keywords:
Fusarium wilt, Banana, Soil, Foc TR4, Côte d’Ivoire.

Banana Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4), is a worrying destructive disease affecting banana plantations with devastating effects on food safety and economy of many tropical countries. There is few information about this disease in Côte d’Ivoire. This study was aimed at assessing the distribution of Foc TR4 in banana plantations of the Lôh-Djiboua region (Côte d’Ivoire) and then finding the most sensitive research methods of Foc TR4 in the soil of these plantations. Foc TR4 was searched for in soils of 8 banana plantations through culture-dependent (CDMA) and culture-independent molecular approaches (CIMA). CDMA consisted of the isolation of F. oxysporum from culture media and subjecting it to molecular confirmation tests at subspecies level. CIMA consisted of searching for Foc TR4 directly from soil samples with molecular probes. Molecular detection limit of Foc TR4 was also searched for in the mix: i) Foc TR4 DNA and ultra-pure water and ii) Foc TR4 DNA and pool of DNA from Foc TR4 free soil. Foc TR4 was found in 5 plantations. For 16 of the soil samples analyzed, CDMA showed that 8 samples belonging to 5 plantations harboured Foc TR4 whereas with CIMA, Foc TR4 were isolated from 3 samples belonging to 2 plantations. FocTR4 DNA was detected in the soil by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from 73 ± 6.02 ng. The combination of CDMA and CIMA led to a better estimate of Foc TR4 distribution. CDMA was more sensitive for detecting Foc TR4 in the soil of the plantations investigated.

�2021 Blue Pen Journals Ltd.